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（新春见闻）复兴号折叠时空成都与大凉山“双向奔赴”******

　　中新社凉山1月17日电题：复兴号折叠时空成都与大凉山“双向奔赴”

　　中新社记者王鹏

　　17日上午11点，经过3小时车程，一列复兴号动车缓缓停靠西昌西站，站台瞬间拥挤起来。成都游客姜亮一家四口走进阳光里，开始了春节度假。“我们就是来大凉山晒太阳的！”他笑着说。

　　1个多小时后，彝族青年拉冲坐上同一列动车，向400多公里外的成都疾驰而去。春节临近，这位舞蹈演员要去省城参加表演。他透露，随着新成昆铁路全线通车，公司在成都的演艺业务多了起来。

　　2023年春运，开通不久的新成昆铁路将时空距离折叠，成都至凉山彝族自治州首府西昌的火车旅行时间，由10多个小时缩短至3小时，造就了成都与大凉山的“双向奔赴”。

　　列车上，遇到汉语讲得不好的彝族老乡，26岁的彝族列车员吉克日古会用彝语进行交流。他说，这条铁路全线通车好几天后，仍不敢相信，“像做梦，因为凉山人对这条铁路渴望太久了，以前的慢火车太慢了。”

　　吉克日古所说的“慢火车”，是建成于1970年、曾开创13项世界铁路之最的成昆铁路。几十年来，它是中国西南山区的物流大通道。开行于这条铁路上的绿皮火车，是彝族娃娃们的“校车”，也是彝族百姓的“赶集车”，更连接着山外的世界。

　　“以前坐老成昆铁路到成都，要十几个小时，雨季经常断道，很不方便。”吉克日古说，随着时速160公里的新成昆铁路全线开通，大凉山多了一条对外大通道，“外面的人更方便进来了解凉山，彝族人走出大山也更容易。”

　　对成都市民姜亮来说，新成昆铁路是一条“阳光旅游专列”。“成都冬天阳光很少，很早就想来西昌晒太阳，但太折腾。”他说，复兴号把大凉山和成都连接了起来，使“好耍”的成都人到西昌旅游成为一种日常，“周末想走就走”。

　　成都人涌入大凉山，给当地旅游业带来了大量客源。在邛海边经营民宿的林帆说，自新成昆铁路去年12月26日全线通车，酒店几乎每天满房，绝大多数客人来自成都，春节假期也早已订满。

　　这场“双向奔赴”，对成都人来说也许是多了一个旅游目的地，出行更便捷。但对大凉山的彝族人来说，意味着更多。

　　“大山外的人能进来，大山里的人能出去。”在彝族姑娘曾静看来，虽已摆脱贫困，但对彝族人来说，“这是一条通向更广阔的世界的路”。

　　长期在凉山表演的拉冲感触更深。“以前去成都表演，火车慢，汽车堵，飞机贵。现在3小时动车直达，超级方便。”这位23岁的彝族青年，今年可能将第一次在成都过年，“也许以后我们还会去北京表演。”说起未来生活，他眼里闪着光。

　　新成昆铁路的受欢迎程度，从车票销量可窥一斑。列车长高翔透露，通车以来一直是“春运状态”，每天十余趟成都往返西昌的动车均满员，需提前几天抢票。吉克日古也告诉记者，通车以来，很多彝族乡亲好友问他，“日古，我怎么买不到票？你能帮我买到吗？”

　　从小在彝族村落长大的吉克日古，求学时常乘坐慢火车，正是看到制服笔挺的列车员，才立志去铁路工作。如今已穿上制服成为复兴号列车员的他，知道自己的故事被很多彝族乡亲用来鼓励娃娃，“好好读书，像吉克日古一样，长大后去大山外的世界。”(完)

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.